Kant The Universal Law Formation Of The Categorical Imperative Essay Example For Students

Kant: The Universal Law Formation Of The Categorical Imperative Essay Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of theCategorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. This formula is a two part test. First, one creates a maxim andconsiders whether the maxim could be a universal law for all rationalbeings. Second, one determines whether rational beings would will it tobe a universal law. Once it is clear that the maxim passes both prongsof the test, there are no exceptions. As a paramedic faced with adistraught widow who asks whether her late husband suffered in hisaccidental death, you must decide which maxim to create and based on thetest which action to perform. The maxim when answering a widowsinquiry as to the nature and duration of her late husbands death, oneshould always tell the truth regarding the nature of her late husbandsdeath (M1) passes both parts of the Universal Law Formation of theCategorical Imperative. Consequently, according to Kant, M1 is a moralaction. The initial stage of the Universal Law Formation of the CategoricalImperative requires that a maxim be universally applicable to allrational beings. M1 succeeds in passing the first stage. We can easilyimagine a world in which paramedics always answer widows truthfully whenqueried. Therefore, this maxim is logical and everyone can abide by itwithout causing a logical impossibility. The next logical step is toapply the second stage of the test. The second requirement is that a rational being would will this maximto become a universal law. In testing this part, you must decide whetherin every case, a rational being would believe that the morally correctaction is to tell the truth. First, it is clear that the widow expectsto know the truth. A lie would only serve to spare her feelings if shebelieved it to be the truth. Therefore, even people who would considerlying to her, must concede that the correct and expected action is totell the truth. By asking she has already decided, good or bad, that shemust know the truth. What if telling the truth brings the widow to the point where shecommits suicide, however? Is telling her the truth then a moral actionalthough its consequence is this terrible response? If telling thewidow the truth drives her to commit suicide, it seems like no rationalbeing would will the maxim to become a universal law. The suicide is,however, a consequence of your initial action. The suicide has nobearing, at least for the Categorical Imperative, on whether telling thetruth is moral or not. Likewise it is impossible to judge whether uponhearing the news, the widow would commit suicide. Granted it is apossibility, but there are a multitude of alternative choices that shecould make and it is impossible to predict each one. To decide whetherrational being would will a maxim to become a law, the maxim itself mustbe examined rationally and not its consequences. Accordingly, the maximpasses the second test. Conversely, some people might argue that in telling the widow a lie,you spare her years of torment and suffering. These supporters of whitelies feel the maxim should read, When facing a distraught widow, youshould lie in regards to the death of her late husband in order to spareher feelings. Applying the first part of the Universal Law Formation ofthe Categorical Imperative, it appears that this maxim is a moral act. Certainly, a universal law that prevents the feelings of people who arealready in pain from being hurt further seems like an excellentuniversal law. Unfortunately for this line of objection, the only reasona lie works is because the person being lied to believes it to be thetruth. In a situation where every widow is lied to in order to spare herfeelings, then they never get the truth. This leads to a logicalcontradiction because no one will believe a lie if they know it a lieand the maxim fails. .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 , .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 .postImageUrl , .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 , .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97:hover , .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97:visited , .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97:active { border:0!important; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97:active , .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97 .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubc1517b476230779b91463b6443f7c97:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Asian Philosophies of Critical Thinking EXTENDED E EssayPerhaps the die-hard liar can regroup and test a narrower maxim. If itis narrow enough so that it encompasses only a few people, then itpasses the first test. For example, the maxim could read, When facing adistraught widow whose late husband has driven off a bridge at night,and he struggled to get out of the car but ended up drowning, and he waswearing a brown suit and brown loafers, then you should tell the widowthat he died instantly in order to spare her feelings. We can easilyimagine a world in which all paramedics lied to widows in this specificsituation. That does not necessarily mean that it will pass the second testhowever. Even if it does pass the first test, narrowing down maxim cancreate other problems. For instance circumstances may change and thepeople who were originally included in the universal law, may not beincluded anymore. Consequently you many not want to will your maxim tobe a universal law. Likewise, if one person can make these maxims thatinclude only a select group of people, so can everyone else. If youcreate a maxim about lying to widows that is specific enough to pass thefirst test, so can everyone else. One must ask if rational beings wouldreally will such a world in which there would be many, many specific,but universal, laws. In order to answer this question, one must use therational I for the statement I, as a rational being would will such aworld, not the specific, embodied I which represents you in yourpresent condition. You must consider that you could be the widow in thesituation rather than the paramedi c, then decide whether you would willsuch a universal law. I agree with the morality based on Kantian principles because it isstrict in its application of moral conduct. Consequently there is novacillating in individual cases to determine whether an action is moralor not. An action is moral in itself not because of its consequences butbecause any rational being wills it to be a universal law and it doesnot contradict itself. Regardless of what the widow does with theinformation, the act of telling her the truth, is a moral one. No onewould argue that telling the truth, if she asks for it, is an immoralthing to do. Sometimes moral actions are difficult, and perhaps in thissituation it would be easier to lie to the widow, but it would still bean immoral action that I would not want everyone to do. This picture ofmorality resonates with my common sense view of morality. If the widowsubsequently commits suicide or commits any other immoral act as aconsequence, that has no bearing on the morality of the original actionin itself. Utilitarianism would differ on this point. Utilitarianism outlines thatan action is moral if it increases the total happiness of society. Morality is based on consequences. Telling a lie to the widow wouldincrease her happiness and consequently would, at least possibly, be amoral action. Utilitarianism would also take into account the precedentset by lying; however, the analysis still rests on predicted consequencerather than on the actions intrinsic moral value. The morality oftelling the lie is on a case by case basis. In some situations, it mightbe better to tell the truth, and according to utilitarianism that wouldthen be the moral action. Unlike Kantian philosophy, one is not bound byan immutable universal law. Instead one must judge in each case whichaction will produce the most overall happiness. The problem with thisapproach is that morality loses any value as a universal or intrinsicquality. Every decision is made on an individual basis in an individualand specific situation. In fact, utilitarianism considers happiness tobe the only intrinsically valuable end. .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af , .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af .postImageUrl , .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af , .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af:hover , .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af:visited , .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af:active { border:0!important; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af:active , .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u504c4bf15d46512e4ce6e89e5c5fe8af:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gell Cell EssayDefenders of utilitarianism claim that it maintains universality byconsidering the greatest happiness of all beings, rather than justindividual happiness. Still, the morality is based on constantlychanging and often unpredictable consequences. The requirement that oneconsider all of the consequences of an action and determine the bestpossible action through such calculations makes me reject

Service Delivery and Customer Satisfaction †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Disuss about the Service Delivery and Customer Satisfaction. Answer: Introduction The hospitality industry is a highly competitive and global industry. Hotel chains started going global as early as the 19th century and since then the race to win customer loyalty and develop a somewhat firm client base has been on. In light of the above, Stay Together hotel management has made some strategic and key decisions in winning over customers and retaining them. The main aim of these decisions is to combat the sale of hotel rooms through popular websites such as booking.com and hotels.com. By employing the services of these websites, their profits have reduced and their corporate image compromised. Due to this Stay Together hotel senior management has come up with a solution to develop and deploy their own website, and a mobile app which will be centrally managed. Complimenting these, will be some customer loyalty and corporate responsibility strategies. This report will enable them to clearly see what they should do, in order to achieve their general organizational objective of acquiring and retaining customers. The hospitality industry is very wide industry with various sectors. In various parts and cultures of the world, hospitality can have varied meanings, although it is generally and psychologically accepted by most people that the hospitality means the hotel sector. Variantsof hospitality include, but not limited, to commercial establishments such as inns, taverns, boarding houses, guest houses, lodges, hydropaths, sanatoria and holiday camps/villages (Brotherton, 2013). Tourism is also a complimentary part of the hospitality industry, popular with almost every country and race. Structure and characteristics of the hospitality industry The hospitality industry consists of two main structures, that is, the capital structure and the management structure. According to Brotherton (2013), the hospitality industry is capital intensive and requires a high, fixed investment cost. Investors in the hotel industry have several conventional ways of raising capital for start up. These include private finance, bank loan, funding from an investment company, funding from stocks and shares of a company and funding through the government. Choosing the most suitable means of funding may vary from investor to investor, depending on their unique reasons. Management arrangements include the development of hotel chains (an important feature of the hotel sector), consortium membership, franchising or management contracting. A hotel chain is a group of hotels owned by a single investor, which operates under central management which makes key decisions in its business processes. Hotel chains mostly target the international market and may have units spanning several countries or continents. A perfect example is the Marriot chain of hotels, which has over 6000 hotels and properties in 122 countries, including luxury suites, hotels and vacation clubs (Marriot, 2017). As for consortium membership, a group of hotels cooperate gain corporate benefits in order to gain revenue or cut costs. The operating principle here is that many hands make work easier. Members share responsibility and hence the workload is shared, unlike if a member was the only one running the investment. Franchising, on the other hand, enables a hotel owner to purchase a specific style of operation from a parent company, whereby the parent company retains the business format, name and proprietary rights (Brotherton, 2013). Another management approach is management contracting, whereby ownership of the investment is separated from its operation. In such situations, a hotel owner, or a potential one, incorporates an operator to run the investment for them. The operator may be experienced hoteliers and could run the establishment in a far more cost effective manner, therefore ensuring profits remain high. This could probably not have been achieved by the inexperienced investor if they were running the establishment themselves. Service delivery and customer satisfaction In any business or industry, customer satisfaction is a key ingredient to success. The hospitality industry is no exception. Customer satisfaction, with products, services and performance of operational facilities and equipment is a cornerstone of hotels corporate strategy, laying the foundation for long term sustainable success (Ejikeme, Enemuo Edward, 2016). Quality is a wholistic and long term process which focuses solely on customer satisfaction. According to Adesina and Chinono (2015), customer satisfaction is a measureof how products and services supplied by a company meets or surpasses customers expectations. This directly translates to increased profits. The driving force for customer satisfaction everywhere is value for money. The average customer seeks the best service or product at the least or desired cost. In the hospitality industry the factors which come into play include, physiological comforts, aesthetics, how the staff handle customers, cost, location and offers such as rebates and bonuses. It is for the establishment to know or anticipate what the customer wants or needs and to meet those needs in the best way possible. Trial and error over time could perfect service delivery to customers. The establishment may also take it upon themselves to find out directly from customers what exactly they want to be offered through m arket research. Through quality and accurate delivery,a loyal customer base is created with time, leading to marketing being done by word of mouth, which is free and very effective. The role of media in the hospitality industry The 20th and 21st centuries have been commonly referred to as the information age. It has seen advancement of knowledge, information and communication management tools, specifically the personal computer, the world wide web and telecommunications (telephones, fax machines and mobile phones). More recent advances have seen the emergence of technologies such as laptops, smartphones, tablets and iPads all of which give the average user the capability to handle huge amounts of information in a very fast and effecient manner by accessing, storing and distributing it at will. This has been in tandem with Moores law which states that computing power doubles every year as devices keep getting smaller. Faster, smaller, cheaper is the general direction which computing is taking. The world has become a global digital village. The hospitality industry, among many others, has seen a way of using the information revolution to achieve success in its business. Information systems are key in its operations as it improves operational efficiency and is cost effective. An information system is a set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, store and disseminate data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective (Stair and Reynolds, 2013).Its array of uses includeknowledge management, marketing, customer services and communications. Knowledge management systems include revenue management systems, central reservation systems and global distribution systems. Customer services include website booking engine, mobile booking engine (for smart phones and tablets), search and metasearch distribution for price advertising and trip advisories (xotels, n.d). Websites are are also used for marketing purposes through corporate image promotion and brand advertising. According to a study by Verma, Stock and McCarthy (2015) of the Cornell University of Hotel Administration, many people visit an online search engine, such as Google and Bing, to check out the available choices of destinations and hotels. Afterwards, they visit brand sites and online travel agencies to get a closer look at what they are looking for and to make any necessary bookings.The study also found out that customers frequently use smartphones in three modes, that is communications based (text messages, voice mails etc.), services based (booking, housekeeping, room service, etc) and location (GIS) based (local information, attractions, directions etc.). Of the three modes, the location based mode was found to be the most popular. In contrast, recommendations by word of mouth of friends and colleagues are of first priority to potential customers. However, once they acquire the information, they are turn more to such sources as the brand website and online travel agencieswhere the y can book their room. Corporate social responsibility refers to the ethical principle that an organization should be responsible for how its behaviour might affect society and the environment (Jobber, Chadwick Ellis, 2012). A study by Singal and Rhou (2017) revealed that hotel companies with CSR practices can better attract, motivate, and retain their employees. Employees are most likely to want to work for a company with a positive image and a good reputation. They experience higher job satisfaction which in turn reduces turnover of employees. Several hospitality firms, like Marriott and Sodexo among others, have invested in proactive diversity management programs that have indirectly helped the firms reputation. The study also further revealed that some companies may reap benefits of employee engagement when they give employee contributions to charities or donate time by giving employees free time to volunteer at local non-profit organizations. CSR initiatives, therefore, become a component of an integ rated high performance work system. Conclusion The decision by Stay Together Hotel top management to develop their own brand website for booking and other services is a good business decision. Firstly, booking will be made quick and easy through onlinebooking and secondly, the website will enable customers to get a feel and look of what they have to offer and hence be able to influence their decisions in choosing their destination. The mobile booking application will also take advantage of the increase in use of smartphones, and its wide range of capabilities, by users all over the world. Information systems also enable senior management to make sound decisions by getting the right information at the right time and in the right way. This improves the overall growth and performance of the company, resulting in bigger profits. Customers always need to be made to feel special and appreciated hence the strategies employed by Stay Together Hotel management to attain customer loyalty are most likely to work, although it may take some time. Offers such as rebates and bonuses are common and have been proven to have tremendous effect. A corporate social responsibility program will also improve the corporate image of Stay Together Hotel among its already existing clientele and potential clientele. Recommendations The Stay Together may introduce a location based application for their mobile application services which will enable people to take directions, and to know the exact location of each of its units. This is helpful, especially for tourists. Making some research on customer needs from time to time will definitely be of use. Feedback mechanisms, both on line and on site are useful tools for gauging customer satisfaction in most organizations. Keeping customers needs in mind will help the company to continually improve their services and maintain quality. References Adesina, K.I, Chinono, I, "Service delivery and customer satisfaction in the hospitality industry:A study of the Divine Fountain Hotel Limited, Lagos, Nigeria". Journal of Hospitality Management and Tourism(6)1 (2016): pp 1-10. DOI:10.5897/JHMT2015.0139 Borghoff, U.W, Bareschi, R, (2013). Information Technology for Knowledge Management. ISBN 3-540-63764-8, Springer-Valerg Berlin Heidelberg New York Brotherton, B. (2013). The International Hospitality Industry: Structures, characteristics and issues. Butterworth Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-7506-5295-7 Ejikeme, J N U, O B Enemuo, and C Edward. The Role of Customer Satisfaction and Maintenance Culture in The Sustainability of Hospitality Industries inUmuahia North and South Local Government Areas ofAbia State. Journal of Hospitality Management and Tourism 7.1 (2016): 1-10. Web. 10 May 2017. Jobber, David, Ellis F., (2012)Principles and practices of marketing. London, McGraw Hill companies Marriott, (2017). Marriott. Retrieved from https://www.marriott.com/marriott/aboutmarriott.mi Stair, R., Reynolds, G., (2012). Principles of information systems. Eleventh Edition. Course technology, Cengage learning. ISBN-10:1-133-95351-4 Singal, M., Rhou, Y., (2017). Corporate social responsibility in the hospitality sector. Boston hospitality review. Retrieved from https://www.bu.edu/bhr/2017/01/27/hospitalitycsr/ Verma, R., Stock, D., McCarthy, L. (2012). Customer preferences for online, social media, and mobile innovations in the hospitality industry. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 53(3), 183-186. Retrieved [4th May, 2017], from https://scholarship.sha.cornell.edu/articles/48/ Xotels, (2017). Hotel technology solutions. Retrieved from https://www.xotels.com/en/hotel-technology

Should I Trim an Essay For a Writing Sample?

Should I Trim an Essay For a Writing Sample?I've just found out that you should trim an essay for a writing sample. This is really great news for me and I'm really excited to find out what it means. If you're wondering how to trim an essay for a writing sample, this is the article for you. I'll explain the process and show you exactly how to change your essay without having to actually re-do the whole thing.The first thing that you need to understand is that when you write your own essay, you have very little control over what happens to it. You just go in with the mindset of going through the entire project yourself and your confidence can do all the work for you. But when you use a writing sample, you don't have this luxury.When you get a job interview, you just don't have the time to look at an essay and make notes on it as you did the last time you were in college. These days, it's usually impossible to be able to write anything in an hour or two.Because of this, you can't really 'cut' a paper in half to fit into a job interview. I think you're still willing to trim an essay for a writing sample because you're not willing to completely change it.When a potential employer reads your work, they are looking for some specific things. You need to be able to write about topics that you know something about, make connections between topics, and make sure that your essay makes sense. All of these factors come into play in a job interview and if you can't accomplish any of them well enough to pass the test, you may be out of luck.When you're trimming an essay for a writing sample, you need to make sure that you're not using anything more than a reasonable version of it. It's the writing sample that needs to be changed, not the essay. Just make sure that you're not using a story that you've put together or two that you took from an online source.I should also mention that you shouldn't start by changing the order of the paragraphs. Most people who change the order of their paragraphs will find that their essay is not coherent anymore. By starting with the paragraphs first, you force yourself to write coherently and keep the order consistent throughout.Before you get too worked up over what you should trim an essay for a writing sample, just remember that everything depends on you. You have all the control, so if you want to cut things, don't let your fear of what your potential employer might think get in the way. Go ahead and trim your essay for a writing sample the way you want to!

Cognitive Development Essays (1105 words) - Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Development Cognitive development is very crucial in the development of a child. A friend of mine, Julie just recently had a perfect baby boy. Since Julie found out she was pregnant she has been reading book after book, each book that she has read talks about cognitive development, but never really explains what cognitive development is or how to improve ones development. Julie has asked me to help her to understand what she can do to give Hunter the best optimal cognitive development though out his life. I'm going to start by telling Julie exactly what cognitive development is, the four stages of cognitive development and what kinds of activities to do together as he gets older. I believe that this will help Hunter develop into a very smart child he most likely will be ahead of his classmate's in school and will excel through out his life. Cognitive development is the growth in children's ways of thinking about and interacting with their environment. Young children initially learn about the world through active, physical exploration and then gradually develop the ability to think symbolically and logically about their experiences. Children are curious explorers, and their cognitive development involves learning new concepts and testing a variety of ideas. A biologist, known as Piaget was interested in how an organism adapted to their environment, especially behavior adaptation to the environment. Piaget hypothesized that infants are born with schemes operating at birth that he called reflexes. However, in human beings an infant uses these reflexes to adapt to the environment, these reflexes are quickly replaced with constructed schemes. Piaget described two processes used by the individual in its attempt to adapt: assimilation and accommodation. Both of these processes are used though out life as the person increasingly adapts to the environment in a more complex manner. Assimilation is the process of using the environment so that it can be placed in cognitive structures. Accommodation is the process of changing cognitive structures in order to accept something from the environment. Both processes are used simultaneously and alternately throughout life. In his work Piaget identified the child's four stages of mental growth. In the sen sorimotor stage, occurring from birth to age 2, the child is concerned with gaining motor control and learning about physical objects. In the preoperational stage, from ages 2 to 7, the child is preoccupied with verbal skills. At this point the child can name objects and reason intuitively. In the concrete operational stage, from ages 7 to 12, the child begins to deal with abstract concepts such as numbers and relationships. Finally, in the formal operational stage, ages 12 to 15, the child begins to reason logically and systematically. All of these four stages are very important to the developmental growth of a child. There are many exercises and games that you or your spouse can do with your child to improve the cognitive development of children. Smells: Infant Activity (up to 15 months) Save old spices containers with shaker tops and put a variety of smelly materials into these. Break up pieces of orange peel, save some whole cloves, soak a cotton ball in perfume, and break up some onion or garlic. Put each smell item in a separate container. Label each and talk about the type of smell. Be sure to name each object several times and encourage infants to try to vocalize sounds. Model smelling the different containers and encourage infants to try to smell each container. Let them explore the containers by touching and manipulating them. Oh, smell this one. This is an orange peel. It smells fruity! This perfume has a strong smell. Do you smell it? It smells like a flower. This is an onion. It has a really strong smell. It makes my eyes water. This activity also helps children develop communication skills in receptive language and perceptual motor skills in eye-hand coordination. Buried Treasure: Toddler Activity (15 months to 3 years) Fill a large plastic tub with sand. Add shells, plastic eggs, wooden cubes, large plastic keys, and wooden animal figures. Provide a muffin tin to hold items after they are found. Let children take turns hunting through the sand to find the treasure and then place it

Free Essays on Women In The American Revolution

During the American Revolution thousands of women took an active role in both the American and British armies. Most were the wives or daughters of officers or soldiers. These women, who maintained an almost constant presence in military camps, were known as "camp followers." Here at Stony Point Battlefield, there were 52 women who were captured with the British garrison on the night of July 15, 1779 by the American Corps of Light Infantry. In spite of the fact that these women were not considered to be part of the army they were still included in the list of British prisoners taken at Stony Point. Because women frequently did not serve any military function during the war, their individual names were never listed in the records of the day and are therefore unknown to us. It is also difficult to state accurately what their duties were as camp followers. It may be surmised though that their duties consisted primarily of cooking, mending, laundry, childcare, and nursing the sick. As a c amp follower a woman was paid a small wage and was supplied with a half ration of food for herself. While the above mentioned tasks were performed by the majority of women found within camp life, an occasional woman found herself placed or placed herself in extraordinary circumstances. Her participation in such situations were frequently well beyond the roles dictated by 18th-century society. One of the most remarkable individuals of the Revolution was a young lady by the name of Deborah Sampson. It was her desire to avoid hard labor on the family farm that led her to impersonate a man and join the American army. Sampson first enlisted under the name Timothy Thayer early in 1782. When she failed to report for duty after a night spent imbibing at a local tavern, her true identity was discovered. In May of 1782, she re-enlisted, this time in Captain George Webb's Co. 4th Massachusetts Regiment, under the name of Robert Shurtleff. She participated in several ... Free Essays on Women In The American Revolution Free Essays on Women In The American Revolution During the American Revolution thousands of women took an active role in both the American and British armies. Most were the wives or daughters of officers or soldiers. These women, who maintained an almost constant presence in military camps, were known as "camp followers." Here at Stony Point Battlefield, there were 52 women who were captured with the British garrison on the night of July 15, 1779 by the American Corps of Light Infantry. In spite of the fact that these women were not considered to be part of the army they were still included in the list of British prisoners taken at Stony Point. Because women frequently did not serve any military function during the war, their individual names were never listed in the records of the day and are therefore unknown to us. It is also difficult to state accurately what their duties were as camp followers. It may be surmised though that their duties consisted primarily of cooking, mending, laundry, childcare, and nursing the sick. As a c amp follower a woman was paid a small wage and was supplied with a half ration of food for herself. While the above mentioned tasks were performed by the majority of women found within camp life, an occasional woman found herself placed or placed herself in extraordinary circumstances. Her participation in such situations were frequently well beyond the roles dictated by 18th-century society. One of the most remarkable individuals of the Revolution was a young lady by the name of Deborah Sampson. It was her desire to avoid hard labor on the family farm that led her to impersonate a man and join the American army. Sampson first enlisted under the name Timothy Thayer early in 1782. When she failed to report for duty after a night spent imbibing at a local tavern, her true identity was discovered. In May of 1782, she re-enlisted, this time in Captain George Webb's Co. 4th Massachusetts Regiment, under the name of Robert Shurtleff. She participated in several ...

Innovation and development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Innovation and development - Essay Example Innovation is the only strongest weapon that helps an organization or an entrepreneur to develop a strong identity in the market among other rival players. Other than this, it might also be used to develop a huge brand image and equity in the market so as to retain its sustainability in the market among others. Side by side, innovation also acts as the latest buzzword among the corporate organizations such as Google, Apple Inc, Procter & Gamble that helps these companies to remain in the headlines of the newspapers and business articles. Due to which, the reputation and fame of the organization also gets enhanced to a certain extent as compared to others. This might be possible only by gratifying the changing requirements and demands of the customers by presenting them varied types of inventive solutions or products. Thus, innovation is the development or creation of new products, services and technologies that might fulfil the changing needs of the market as well as improve the comp etitive image of the organization. ... Similarly, according to the manager or leader of Apple Inc, Mr. Steve Jobs, innovation means enhancement of the inner morale of the employees that might prove effective in improving organizational portfolio in future. This might be possible only by improving the level of performance of the employees thereby amplifying the productivity and brand value of the organization in the market. Role of innovation in organization and business In business and organizations, innovation acts as the catalyst for the development of inventive products, services or ideas. This might be possible only if the dedication power of the employees is extremely high as compared to others. However, in order to do so, the management of the organization need to enhance the level of motivation and team spirit of the employees thereby recuperating the growth and profit margin of the organization. Side by side, the market share and brand value of the organization might also get enhanced among other rival players as witnessed in case of Apple Inc. Mr. Steve Jobs the most unconventional leader of Apple Inc became successful in convincing Wozniak as well as many other employees to support him in the development of computers in Apple Inc. This proved extremely beneficial for the organization of Apple Inc in future era that amplified its recognition and status in this competitive market among other contenders. Therefore, the entire credit for such an innovation of Apple Inc is mainly due to the best performance of its employees. Thus, employees of the organization are directly related with the concepts and ideas of innovation. Hence, it might be stated that innovation acts as the guiding forces that amplifies the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization

President Obama's Health Care Bill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

President Obama's Health Care Bill - Essay Example The essay discusses on the effect that Obama Health Care has had on the lives of America’s citizens more than four years since its inception. In 2010, President Obama enacted into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The ACA is, therefore, largely designed to cater for the less attended non-employer insurance market and enlarge health insurance coverage as a result. The Act also targets to raise revenue from several taxation avenues. The healthcare sector is predicted to undergo a dramatic makeover in the near future if the ACA is fully implemented. The researcher of this essay also looks forward at the future of the healthcare in regard to the influence of ACA. The Act that is presented in the essay in details mandates that American residents have insurance coverage and also calls for a reduced and reorganized spending under the largest health insurance plan in America. The discussion will also focus on other issues such as the effect of the law on the economy, who pays for the plan and who the law affects most. The researcher concluds that despite everything the ACA is a phenomenal piece of legislation that is expected to reform the United States health care industry if fully implemented. It is still quite early to notice or predict its exact measure of impacts that may follow, but it is certain for the researcher that the future looks bright for America Health Care sector. The major uncertainty, however, still lies on how far the ACA will go in slowing down the growth of health care costs.